Showing posts with label Tax System. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Tax System. Show all posts

Monday, 14 November 2016

Martin LeFevre - An Introduction to Managerial Accounting

Martin LeFevre is an accountant who has worked with many large organizations, including the largest produce growing operation in the state of Florida.

Accounting that helps decision-makers in organizations make better choices, be in control, and plan more effectively is called managerial accounting. Managerial accountants primarily deal with two kinds of business units. These two kinds are profit centers and cost centers.
Martin LeFevre

Profit centers are separate units that generate sales revenue and have their own expenses. A profit center can be a store, territory, line of products, or distribution channel. Managerial accountants usually follow the organizational structure in creating statements and providing relevant information to the managers. It is up to a business to decide how it looks at its activities.

Cost centers are departments or units within the organizations that have costs and expenses but do not generate any revenue. Examples of cost centers include the human resources department, the legal department, and the security department. The managers in charge of these departments need accounting information to stay informed about the costs of running their units.

The reports for cost centers are usually very straightforward. They have a lot of detailed information, details of all the costs and expenses, budgeted targets, and comparisons with previous report periods. This does not necessarily mean that template creation for such reports is simple or easy.

However, things usually get much more complicated with reports for profit centers because even a small business can have a variety of sources of profit. There are no definitive rules for classification of costs or sales revenues with the objective of profit identification in business or accounting. Every business has to make its own decisions in regards to this matter. This is something experienced accountants like Martin LeFevre can often help them with by sharing their thoughts and best practices. 

Monday, 1 August 2016

Martin LeFevre - The History of the US Tax System

As an accountant, Martin LeFevre is very interested in the American Tax System. He often reads about it and studies it. American tax laws have changed significantly in the last 100 years, but it’s important to understand the origins of the tax system.

Colonial Era

During the vast majority of American history, taxpayers did not really have much contact with the governmental tax authorities. The taxes came from tolls and customs duties. As ridiculous as this may sound today, the government did not really need to develop a way of obtaining financial resources.

The War

As usually is the case, war — the American War of Independence — has changed everything. England needed the money to fund their war against France, which led to the implementation of certain taxes that were imposed on American colonies.

After the War

After the adoption of the Articles of Constitution in 1781, the government realized that if they ever wanted to become a strong state, they could not rely on the help of foreign governments. They needed to create their own resources, which is why the Government came up with the very first version of an extensive tax system.

Another War, 16th Amendment

After the Civil War started, the Congress came up with the Revenue Act, which was basically the reintroduction of certain taxes to create additional revenue. Later, with the 16th Amendment, the government created the flat rate Federal income taxes. Many different tax rates were introduced since, as Martin LeFevre knows, and many more will likely be introduced in the future.